Got that shiny new Technician ticket, and you are probably clicking on the checkout button on your Amazon purchase of a BaoFeng or similar HT. You even read the advice of disposing of the stock rubber duck antenna for a Nagoya one which will help quite a bit. But if you really want to be heard, spend about $30 shipped on a roll up 2M/70cm antenna, in the J Pole style. Read about the J Poles for extra credit, and you will start to get an understanding on how weird and wonderful our universe is (spoiler alert, the J Pole is basically an end fed antenna with a direct DC short, except it doesn’t act like a direct short due to the amount of impedance built into the design.)
I chose the N9TAX roll up J Pole, with a ferrite choke on the feed point (keeps unwanted current off the line, a nice touch.) It is made from ladder line, so pretty tought to start with. I put it on my MFJ 269, and got back a nice flat SWR of 1.1 across all of 2m, and similar on 70cm.
For the quick test, I hung the antenna from a nail near the ceiling, and a short piece of coax to connect my little BF HT to the SO 239 that comes standard, but you can get a N style connector as well.
My local repeater is 13 miles away, N0UGO, and pretty sure it’s up pretty good as far as height. I can hit the repeater with a Nagoya flexible antenna, but its scratchy RX for those listening. With this roll up antenna, I am full strength into the repeater, with full quieting, minus the white noise you get with BaoFengs and other cheaper HTs.
The antenna is well made, lightweight, and would fit into any back pack. You will need to carry a small length of coax, as it is not designed to attach directly to the radio, which I feel is a good thing for adding some counterpoise, and getting some distance for your head and the RF.
For the new ham on a budget inside a apartment or HOA restricted area, it could be a option, as long as you don’t live inside a metal box. You can check out reviews on eHam, and the page for the antenna on these links:
https://www.eham.net/reviews/detail/8499
https://www.ebay.com/itm/Authentic-N9TAX-VHF-UHF-Slim-Jim-J-Pole-Dual-Band-2m-70cm-Antenna-jpole/222236729091?ssPageName=STRK%3AMEBIDX%3AIT&_trksid=p2057872.m2749.l2649